Extended Abstract Background: Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky) is one of the well-known industrial species of Hyrcanian forests that spreads from the west to east of these forests. Human activities have caused significant damage to Hyrcanian forests. and this issue highlights the importance of identifying factors affecting the structural characteristics of trees. especially be... https://www.shopwildwestes.shop/product-category/tin-haul-womens-jeans-libby-high-rise-flare/