The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) utilizes an orchestrated enzymatic cascade of E1. E2. and E3 ligases to add single or multiple ubiquitin-like molecules as post-translational modification (PTM) to proteins. Ubiquitination can alter protein functions and/or mark ubiquitinated proteins for proteasomal degradation but deubiquitinases (DUBs) can reverse protein ubiquitination. https://www.lodiceelpueblo.com/product-category/heat-patches/